Section 3.2: Graphing Inequalities

Graphing inequalities involves shading regions on a number line or coordinate plane to represent solutions.

  • Use an open circle for < or >, closed circle for ≤ or ≥ on a number line.
  • For two-variable inequalities, shade the side of the line that satisfies the inequality.
  • Test a point not on the line (usually (0,0)) to determine which region to shade.

Example 1: Number Line

Graph \( x > 3 \) on a number line.

Use an open circle at 3 and shade to the right: all numbers greater than 3.

Example 2: Coordinate Plane

Graph \( y \le 2x + 1 \).

Step 1: Graph the line \( y = 2x + 1 \) (solid line because ≤).

Step 2: Test point (0,0): \( 0 \le 2*0 + 1 \) → \( 0 \le 1 \) True → shade below the line.

Practice Problems

  1. Graph \( x \le -2 \) on a number line
  2. Graph \( y > -x + 3 \) on a coordinate plane
  3. Graph \( x > -1 \) and \( x \le 4 \) (compound inequality)
  4. Graph \( y \ge \frac{1}{2}x - 1 \)
  5. Test a point to decide shading for \( y < -2x + 4 \)