Section 7.5: Factoring Quadratics

Quadratic trinomials can often be factored into a product of two binomials. Start by identifying a, b, c in \( ax^2 + bx + c \) and find two numbers that multiply to \( a \cdot c \) and sum to b.

Example 1

Factor: \( x^2 + 5x + 6 \)

Find two numbers multiplying to 6 (c) and adding to 5 (b): 2 and 3

Factor: \( (x + 2)(x + 3) \)

Example 2

Factor: \( 2x^2 + 7x + 3 \)

Multiply a * c: 2 * 3 = 6. Find numbers adding to 7: 6 and 1

Split middle term: \( 2x^2 + 6x + x + 3 \)

Factor by grouping: \( 2x(x + 3) + 1(x + 3) \)

Factor out common binomial: \( (2x + 1)(x + 3) \)

Practice Problems

  1. Factor: \( x^2 + 8x + 15 \)
  2. Factor: \( 3x^2 + 11x + 6 \)
  3. Factor: \( 4x^2 - 12x + 9 \)
  4. Factor: \( 5x^2 + 9x + 4 \)
  5. Factor: \( x^2 - 7x + 12 \)